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qually important and indispensable as the rare books are to researchers, the manuscripts and
personal papers are also vital primary sources to them. Some examples, to illustrate
the richness of the manuscript collection are the letters of Pablo Pastells, S. J. to
the Father Provincial dated January 11, l891 and April l, l891 respectively; Gaspar de
San Agiustin's letter to his friend in Spain dated l760; Communicaciones del
gobernador civil de la provincia de Pangasinan; Eulogio Despujol's letters to
Don Antonio Ma. Fabie; I. H. L. Legarda's letter to the "Jefes de la revolucion
Filipinas," Manila l898; Manuel Sastron y Pinol's "Memoria referente al
estado de los pueblos que forman al provincia de Ilocos Norte….", l886 and
also Batangas…, l886; and Justo Zaragosa's "Varios papeles" concerning
the commemoration of Father Andres Urdaneta, Madrid, l877.
Smaller in size, but of great value to researchers interested in the study of the
Spanish colonial economy and society are the letters of F. E. Foster, an American
business man residing in Manila.
Execution of Dr. Jose Rizal in Bagumbayan (Photo Collection)
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The name Dr. Jose Rizal has always been a challenge. It was a name that
had made its imprint in the intellectual circles of Europe. And now it is an
institution to many of us and a legend to a few faithful disciples. Blumentritt,
Ullmer, Rost, Pastells, De Wecker, Jagor and Virchow were great icons with whom
Rizal was identified as he grew into manhood in search of Western science and learning.
Calamba, Leitmeritz, Heidelberg, Madrid, Hongkong, Paris, London, Berlin, Dapitan and
Manila are historical places that are associated with him. Generations of foreign
and Filipino writers and scholars have written much about him and sung of him,
wearing new and elaborate patterns of design and interpretations****
In addition to a huge aggregate of secondary works on Dr. Jose Rizal by Filipino
and Western authors, our national hero's letters (93 altogether) to his parents,
sisters, brother and brothers-in-law constitute the most priceless items in the
Rizaliana collection.
The ephemeral periodicals published during the late Spanish colonial era, the
Philippine revolutionary period and early American regime are considered the best
mine of information. Included in this category and in the order of publication are
the following: La Ilustracion Filipina, l859-l860; Gaceta de
Manila, l869-l898; El Comercio, l87l-l925; El Oriente,
l875-l877; Revista de Filipinas, l875-l876; La Ilustracion del Oriente,
l877-l878; Diario de Manila, l883 and l896; a few copies of La Solidaridad;
Heraldo de la Revolucion, l898; La Republica Filipina,
l898; La Independencia, l898; Philippine Review, l9l6-l9l8;
and Philippine Magazine, l930-l94l.
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La Ilustracion del Oriente
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The years shortly before, during, and after the outbreak of the Philippine Revolution,
witnessed the steady growth in the substantial body of literary works in Spanish,
English and in the various vernacular languages. Some incredibly interesting titles
in this category are Pablo Tecson's Ang Malinis na Susana, Manila;
Ramirez y Compania, l893; Faustino Aguilar's Pinaglahuan, Maynila
l907; Jose Villamor's Ang pag-ibig at ang babaye, Manila l923;
Francisco Baltazar's Pinagdaanang buhay nila Florante and Laura,
Binondo, Libreria Tagala l90l; Gabriel Beato Francisco's Ang Katipunan,
Maynila l899; and Patricio Mariano's Ang Anak ng Dagat, Quezon City,
l921.
In a wider sweep of historical studies by Filipino scholars, works which should
be singled out for their excellence are Encarnacion Alzona's El Legado
de España a Filipinas, Pasay City, l956, Horacio de la Costa's S.J.,
The Jesuits in the Philippines l581-l768, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
Harvard University Press, l96l; O. D. Corpuz's The Roots of the Filipino
Nation, Aklahi Foundation Inc., Quezon City, l989; Teodoro A. Agoncillo's
Malolos: Crisis of the Republic, University of the Philippines,
Quezon City, 1960; and Benito F. Legarda's After the Galleons: Foreign Trade,
Economic Change, Entrepreneurship in the 19th century Philippines, Quezon
City, Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1999.
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